Billings & Spencer Co. - Assigned Patents

Manufacturers Index - Billings & Spencer Co.

Billings & Spencer Co.
Hartford, CT, U.S.A.
Manufacturer Class: Metal Working Machinery

Patents

This page contains information on patents issued to this manufacturer.

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Patent Number	Date	Title	Name	City	Description
115,678	Jun. 06, 1871	Improvement in Pipe-Wrenches	William Henry Barwick	QC, Canada	The shape of the hook jaw allows each size of wrench to grasp a range of pipe sizes. Hardware trade ads also show the wrench used on square and hexagon nuts. The specifications describe it as an improvement on Robert Bain's April 9, 1867 patent (no. 63,689), and Henry Getty's Jan. 13, 1863 patent (no. 37,395). A Canadian patent 909 was issued for this wrench on April 4, 1871. By 1876, Billings & Spencer had "purchased the entire stock, machinery, patent rights and good will" of the Barwick Wrench Company.
153,885	Aug. 11, 1874	Improvements in Dies For Forging Lathe-Dogs	Charles E. Billings	Hartford, CT
172,649	Jan. 25, 1876	Improvement in Pipe-Tongs	Albert A. Pease	New Haven, CT	The central idea of the the patent is multiple pivot points for tongs, with each handle having similar jaws. The patent was realized as multiple pivot point pliers -- "Pease's Combination Pliers" -- in the 1880s. Pease received another patent for adjustable-pivot tools on January 10, 1882 (pat. no. 252,248). The current patent is also cited together with H.S. Pullman's Mar. 25, 1884 pat. (no. 295,885) on Billings & Spencer pliers marketed early in the 20th Century.
212,298	Feb. 18, 1879	Wrench	Charles E. Billings	Hartford, CT	The key features of the patent are the milled handle slot which forms the "way" for the adjustable jaw, and the measurement scale on the shank. This patent was the basis for a series of adjustable wrenches produced over several decades. Pocket wrenches of this general appearance existed before this patent; F.H. AIKEN'S (Franklin, NH) EXCELSIOR appears in 1878 British importer's advertisements. Other manufacturers in the U.S., Britain and Germany produced similar pocket wrenches for several decades.
215,039	May. 06, 1879	Tap Wrench	Charles E. Billings	Hartford, CT	This tap wrench appears in late 19th Century tool catalogs. The patented features include the side screws holding the sliding jaw, and the pin connecting the sliding jaw to the screw handle.
222,162	Dec. 02, 1879	Improvement in cartridge-capping implements	Christopher M. Spencer	Hartford, CT	In September 1880, the Ordnance Office of the War Department signed a contract with Billings & Spencer Co. for the supply of several items including "Spencer's patent capper and uncapper".
246,976	Sep. 13, 1881	Pipe Wrench	John F. Phillips	Georgetown, CO	The double-ended clamping hook pivot is off-center, or selectable from a series of holes, to accommodate multiple sizes. The specifications note and disclaim any features in patent numbers 111,422, 191,666, and 26,530. Corresponding Canadian patent 13,562 was granted Oct. 19, 1881. Ken Cope's "American Wrench Makers 1830-1930" shows a listing for E.D. Eames of Watertown, NY as maker of PHILIPS PATENT PIPE AND STUD WRENCH. March 17, 1883 MECHANICAL ENGINEER includes mention of the wrench among tools produced by Billings & Spencer. A known example marked PHILLIPS PATENT; it was advertised in hardware catalogs of the late 1880s and 1890s.
260,359	Jul. 04, 1882	Ratchet Drill	Charles E. Billings	Hartford, CT	The handle has a double pawl, with a spring loaded sliding plunger in the handle behind it. The base of the pawl has three notches. Placing the sliding plunger in the center notch disengages the pawl. The outer notches are for forward or reverse ratchet action. Advertised as "BILLINGS' DOUBLE-ACTING RATCHET DRILL." Billings & Spencer ratchet drills matching this patent are known, even though they were produced after the patent expired and bear no patent markings.
261,901	Aug. 01, 1882	Surface Gage	Charles E. Billings	Hartford, CT
292,784	Feb. 05, 1884	Holder for Cutting Off Tools	Charles E. Billings	Hartford, Hartford County, CT
295,885	Mar. 25, 1884	Pipe-Tongs	Herbert S. Pullman	Rockville, CT	The patent is for the oblong pivot stud and the multiple bearing points connected by slots. This patent is cited in early 20th Century catalog listing for Billings & Spencer slip-joint pliers together with Albert A. Pease's Jan. 25, 1872 patent (no. 172,649). Later versions of the pliers incorporate wire cutter functions based on patent no. 669,721.
318,687	May. 26, 1885	Cutting Off Tool	Charles E. Billings	Hartford, Hartford County, NY
349,496	Sep. 21, 1886	Wire Cutter	Randolph Hayden	Haddam, CT	The patent is for reversible hardened cutting plates for pliers with side wire cutter notches. An early 20th Century hardware catalog lists B&S "COMBINATION WIRE CUTTER AND GAS PLIERS" in 6, 8, and 10 inch sizes.
351,339	Oct. 19, 1886	Bolt Cutter	Herbert S. Pullman	Rockville, Tolland County, CT	The meshed gears on the handle levers and the loop with internal gears meshed to cogs on the cutter levers keep the parts in alignment and facilitate transfer of power from the handle levers to the cutters. Simonds & Burdett - patent attorneys
382,348	May. 08, 1888	Beam-Calipers	Charles E. Billings	Hartford, CT	This patent covers a novel method of constructing a set of outside calipers, wherein the main beam is made by holding a slotted plate between two slotted bars. This not only protects the graduations from wear, but simplifies the construction. This tool also provides a micro-adjust feature which is actuated by a spring. This same adjustment was used on a line of marking gauges produced but the same company. Known examples of the tool are marked with the manufacturer and inventors name, as well as the patent date.
392,490	Nov. 06, 1888	Commutator-bar for dynamo-electric machines	Charles E. Billings	Hartford, CT
470,777	Mar. 15, 1892	Pocket Knife	Charles E. Billings	Hartford, CT	Original patent is for a hollow handled, sliding blade pocket knife. This patent was applied to a screwdriver manufactured by Billings & Spencer Co. Hartford, CT marked with Billings' patents of March 15, 1892 and Feb. 4, 1896 554,046. Billings also had a later knife patent in 1908.
517,208	Mar. 27, 1894	Caliper Gage	Charles E. Billings	Hartford, CT	F. H. Richards - patent attorney Known examples of the tool are marked with the manufacturer and inventors name, as well as the patent date.
518,041	Apr. 10, 1894	Wrench	James A. Lowe	North Branch, NJ	The patented feature is a wedge and lever handle which applies "take-up motion" to account for minor variations in size between nuts or bolts that are nominally the same size. The patent is shown applied to two different styles of adjustable nut wrenches in the patent drawings. The specifications note the patent could be applied to a wrench with no other provision for adjustment. The wrench was manufactured as a 5-inch pocket wrench (size adjustment by end screw) with a catch to hold the lever handle closed to the main handle. The wrench received Canadian patent no. 46,663 on July 26, 1894, and British patent 189407144 was registered April 10, 1894.
46,663	Jul. 26, 1894	Wrench	James Allen Lowe	North Branch, NJ	Screw adjust pocket wrench with a secondary lever operated wedge to clamp firmly to the work piece. Alternate arrangements for the screw adjustment and secondary lever are shown and discussed. A spring catch can hold the lever in the handle. The wrench received U.S. Patent no. 518,041 on April 10, 1894, and the version shown in Fig. 4 was produced by Billings & Spencer.
525,311	Aug. 28, 1894	Hand Vise	Charles E. Billings	Hartford, CT
532,634	Jan. 15, 1895	Wrench	Charles E. Billings	Hartford, CT	The patent covers a screw-adjust nut wrench with the bulk of the the adjustable jaw, the adjusting worm, and rack on one side of the shank. The back side of the adjustable jaw is very thin, so one side of the wrench is nearly flat. Known examples include "Made Exclusively For Pope Mfg. Co." on the back side of the fixed jaw and "Billings Patent Jan. 15th 1895" on the handle. Pope Mfg. made bicycles, and later motorcycles.
536,063	Mar. 19, 1895	Wrench	Charles E. Billings	Hartford, CT	The adjusting worm can be slid back and tipped away from the rack threads for quick adjustment. Appears in mid-1890s B&S products listings as "MODEL D." Some were also marked with bicycle manufacturer names, probably reflecting inclusion in a tool kit.
545,188	Aug. 27, 1895	Drop Hammer	Frederic C. Billings	Hartford, CT	F. H. Richards - patent attorney This patent corresponds to Canadian patent #51,763.
		Drop Hammer	Frank Lombard	Hartford, CT
547,197	Oct. 01, 1895	Drop Hammer	Frederic C. Billings	Hartford, Hartford County, CT	F. H. Richards - patent attorney This invention relates to drop-hammers of the class in which the drop-hammer has a reciprocatory hammer or ram which is provided with a lifting-board and in which a pair of lifting-rolls is employed for engaging the lifting-board for lifting the hammer and in which shifting mechanism is employed for shifting one of said rolls relatively to the other to release the rolls from engagement with the lifting-board to allow the hammer to drop.
		Drop Hammer	Warren J. Belcher	Hartford, Hartford County, CT
554,046	Feb. 04, 1896	Combination Tool	Charles E. Billings	Hartford, CT	Original patent is for a hollow handled, sliding blade pocket knife. This patent was applied to a screwdriver manufactured by Billings & Spencer Co. Hartford, CT marked with Billings' patents of March 15, 1892, 470,777, and Feb. 4, 1896. Billings also had a later knife patent in 1908.
51,763	Mar. 25, 1896	Drop Hammer	Frederick C. Billings	Hartford, CT	This patent corresponds to U. S. patent #545,188.
		Drop Hammer	Frank Lombard	Hartford, CT
566,199	Aug. 18, 1896	Drop Hammer	Frank Lombard	Hartford, Hartford County, CT
D26,111	Sep. 29, 1896	Design For A Wrench	Charles E. Billings	Hartford, CT	The handle serves as a sheath for the adjustable jaw. The design can be inserted in and withdrawn from a pocket without hindrance or obstruction. The wrench is 4 1/2" long in the closed position. The BILLINGS Cam Lever wrench (patent no. 599,379) is a modification based on this design. Lombard and Miller's Combined Lock and Wrench (patent no. 625,341) is also based on this design. Compare F. L. Coes' Aug. 3, 1897 design patent 27,470, which had an Aug. 27, 1894 application date, and which never saw production.
576,273	Feb. 02, 1897	Drop Hammer	Frank Lombard	Hartford, Hartford County, CT
577,531	Feb. 23, 1897	Drop Hammer	Frank Lombard	Hartford, Hartford County, CT
599,379	Feb. 22, 1898	Wrench	Charles E. Billings	Hartford, CT	Screw adjustable jaw with supplemental cam lever. The cam lever ads extra gripping force, and the end of the lever engages a latch in the handle to lock the wrench on to the nut. This is a modification of the BILLINGS 97 Pocket Wrench based on design patent (no. 26,111). F. H. Richards - patent attorney
614,692	Nov. 22, 1898	Drop Hammer	Frederic C. Billings	Hartford, Hartford County, CT
637,320	Nov. 21, 1899	Machine for Nurling Metal	Charles E. Billings	Hartford, Hartford County, CT
642,289	Jan. 30, 1900	Metal Working Machine	Frederic C. Billings	Hartford, Hartford County, CT
669,721	Mar. 12, 1901	Pliers or Pipe Tongs	Walter H. Bruce	Worcester, MA	Two specific functions are highlighted in this patent. A hole close to the pivot point serves as a wire cutter, and a sharp edge on the back side of one jaw serves as an insulation stripper for electric wires. The wire cutter hole appears on six- and eight-inch Billings & Spencer pliers bearing the March 12, 1901 patent mark. A similar wire cutter had appeared in the BILLINGS wire cutter advertised in 1892. The wire stripper feature appears as a sharp inner tooth on one jaw of 12-inch and 14-inch Billings & Spencer pliers bearing the March 12, 1901 patent mark. The patent is described as an improvement on Herbert S. Pullman's March 25, 1884 patent no. 295,885. The patent is cited on Billings & Spencer pliers produced early in the 20th Century.
738,015	Sep. 01, 1903	Adjustable Spanner Wrench	Jere C. Dufresne	Trenton, NJ	Adjustable hook spanner. The adjustable component is a reversible spring-loaded sliding jaw with internal teeth that engage rack teeth on the inner face of the "fixed jaw."
804,351	Nov. 14, 1905	Wrench	William R. Tomlinson	Hartford, CT	The unique feature of this patent is the adjustment lock. A portion of the pin the adjusting worm rides on is enlarged. One end extends beyond the frame of the wrench where it has a knob. The other end is threaded into the wrench frame, and peened over so it cannot be removed. Screwing the pin in causes the adjusting worm to jam in the frame. The wrench was produced in both nut wrench and pipe wrench versions.
881,294	Mar. 10, 1908	Knife	Charles E. Billings	Hartford, CT
915,012	Mar. 09, 1909	Drop Press and Attachment Therefor	Louis Garfield Bayrer	Hartford, CT	H. E. Hart - patent attorney As is well known, in machines of this character the upper die is raised to the top of the machine and after a piece of metal has been placed on the lower die the upper die is released and allowed to drop, operating in conjunction with the lower die to form the piece of metal to the desired shape. This upper die is fastened in a hammer which is secured to a board, and suitable rollers, operated by cams, are brought into engagement with this board, after the hammer has dropped, to raise it to the top of the machine. The tripping mechanism which throws these rolls into engagement with the board is actuated by the hammer when it reaches the bottom of its stroke and it is a novel form of tripping mechanism which constitutes the herein described invention.
956,280	Apr. 26, 1910	Wrench	George Bryar	Boston, MA	The long slot in the handle provides the spring action to allow the alligator wrench jaws to grip and release pipe. Compare this to Frederick E. Walden's March 9, 1920 patent (no. 1,333,517), produced as the WAL-PAT pipe wrench. Daniel R. Porter's January 10, 1888 adjustable pipe wrench (pat. no. 376,396) also had a wedge-shaped opening and a springing jaw.
1,044,856	Nov. 19, 1912	Safety Lathe Dog	Frederic C. Billings	Hartford, Hartford County, CT	H. E. Hart - patent attorney
1,183,525	May. 16, 1916	Method of Manufacturing Pliers	Frederic C. Billings	Hartford, CT	The patent describes a process to form "box joint" slip joint pliers with a pivot pin. The handle of the "interior" half is forged to final shape after the two parts are assembled. Billings & Spencer produced these as "CC" box joint pliers. H. E. Hart - patent attorney
1,225,695	May. 08, 1917	Drop Hammer	Louis G. Bayrer	Hartford, CT	H. E. Hart - patent attorney
1,393,073	Oct. 11, 1921	Drop Hammer	Louis Garfield Bayrer	Hartford, Hartford County, CT	H. E. Hart - patent attorney
1,413,698	Apr. 25, 1922	Hand Tool	Harold I. Adams	Warehouse Point, CT	The hook shaped end of the sliding handle prevents the handle from being removed, while allowing it to lay flat against the main shank. The spring clip to hold sockets is described in the specifications but is not part of the patent claims. Alloy Artifacts shows an example of this tool in the section on Billings & Spencer socket sets. H. E. Hart - patent attorney
1,662,002	Mar. 06, 1928	Wrench	John H. Dowd	Hartford, CT	Compare the "ears" supporting the adjusting nut to the version appearing in patent no. 1,495,751 produced by Armstrong Bros. Tool Co. The spring plunger is similar to that used in TRIMO pipe wrenches (see patent no. 429,088). T. Clay Lindsey - patent attorney
1,670,493	May. 22, 1928	Drop Hammer	Raymond S. Clark	Hartford, CT	T. Clay Lindsey - patent attorney This invention relates to drop hammers and has as its object to provide a machine of this character with various features of novelty and advantage, and more particularly to improve the construction so that the board, by means of which the hammer is raised, is given a longer life and is lifted and clamped in a more effective manner.
		Drop Hammer	George C. Prime	Hartford, CT
		Drop Hammer	Morton C. Talcott	Hartford, CT
1,673,761	Jun. 12, 1928	Adjustable Socket Wrench	John H. Dowd	Hartford, CT	Rotating head adjustable brace socket wrench -- this type of wrench was designed to be used on the rim bolts which held detachable rim tires on to automobile wheels. T. Clay Lindsey - patent attorney
1,707,499	Apr. 02, 1929	Drop Hammer	Morton C. Talcott	East Hartford, CT	T. Clay Lindsey - patent attorney This invention relates to drop hammers of the sort having a hammer adapted for vertical reciprocating movement, a board connected to the hammer, a plurality of lifting rolls spaced longitudinally of the board and arranged to grip the same, and means for moving the rolls into gripping engagement with the board to raise, the same and the hammer. A drop hammer of this type is disclosed and claimed in the co-pending application. of Raymond S. Clark, George C. Prime and Morton C. Talcott, Serial No. 523,606, filed December 20, 1921, now Patent No. 1,670,493, patented May :22, 1928. The aim of the present invention is to provide in a drop hammer of this type various features of advantage and, more particularly, to provide a very simple, strong, and mechanically effective connection between the friction bar or actuating means and the rolls so that they are operated in such manner as to properly grip the board.
1,799,622	Apr. 07, 1931	Nut and Pipe Wrench	Willard S. Stuart	East Hartford, CT	Slip joint version of a hinged wrench of a style better known from MOSSBERG's EAGLE and FALCON pipe wrenches from the early 20th Century, based on the J.S. BARDEN patent no. 458,934. T. Clay Lindsey - patent attorney
1,910,314	May. 23, 1933	Drop Hammer	Frederic C. Billings	Hartford, CT	T. Clay Lindsey - patent attorney The present invention relates to improvements in drop hammers, and has for an object to provide an improved roll driving arrangement for drop hammers, in which vibration is largely eliminated with economies in construction and operation, and with increases in strength, stability and durability.
1,929,021	Oct. 03, 1933	Multiple Roll Set Board Drop Hammer	Michael H. Flynn	Hartford, CT	Jeffery Kimball Eggleston - patent attorney The object of the invention is an improvement in the mechanism for causing the lifting rolls of the several sets to bear simultaneously and equally upon the hammer board. These rolls and their supports and the members which move the latter are ponderous structures but are required to move quickly into and out of board-gripping position and some considerable difficulty has been encountered, under these conditions, in causing them to exert substantially equal pressure on the hammer board as well as in causing them to release the board simultaneously. Failure of the rolls to act in close unison when engaging, as well as when disengaging, the board interferes with sustained reciprocation of the hammer, besides inuring and shortening the life of the board. The present invention overcomes the difficulties referred to, by the use of mechanism simple in form and the least subject to derangement, under the severe conditions of drop hammer use.
1,933,512	Oct. 31, 1933	Pipe Wrench	Walter Roy Moore	East Orange, NJ	The patent claims features of the overall structure, with special emphasis on the cut-away portion of the central fittings jaw which protects the chain from excessive wear. This is the 1st of three apparently related successive patents -- see also 1,933,513 and 1,933,514. Horace L. Rockler - patent attorney
1,933,513	Oct. 31, 1933	Chain Pipe Wrench	Willard S. Stuart	East Hartford, CT	Front and rear gripping areas on both the primary and "fittings" gripping areas of the head. Both primary and "fittings" jaw elements are reversible. An overall similar construction with some modifications appears in Stuart's parallel patent no. 1,933,514. This is the 2nd of three apparently related successive patents -- see also 1,933,512 and 1,933,514. Horace L. Rockler - patent attorney
1,933,514	Oct. 31, 1933	Chain Pipe Wrench	Willard S. Stuart	East Hartford, CT	Basic structure similar to the chain wrench in Stuart's parallel patent no. 1,933,513. This patent deals with the chain's attachment to the frame, and the shape of the "fittings" jaw structure. This is the 3rd of three apparently related successive patents -- see also 1,933,512 and 1,933,513. Horace L. Rockler, patent attorney
1,995,687	Mar. 26, 1935	Clip for Wrench Set	Charles Schaumburg	Oak Park, IL	Holder comprised of one piece of bent sheet metal and two bent wires. Horace L. Rockler - patent attorney
2,030,147	Feb. 11, 1936	Wrench Clip	Walter Roy Moore	West Hartford, CT	Spring action of the back holds the wrench set together; the front hinges over and clips by spring tension to form a complete enclosure. Parallel patent 2,030,148 describes a nearly identical wrench set holder formed of wire and sheet metal. Horace L. Rockler - patent attorney
2,030,148	Feb. 11, 1936	Wrench Clip	John H. Coyle	Hartford, CT	Wrench set holder employing a stiff wire to form the body of the holder, with a hinged spring clip cover to firmly enclose the set. Nearly identical in overall design to parallel patent no. 2,030,147. Horace L. Rockler - patent attorney
2,138,331	Nov. 29, 1938	Ratchet Wrench	Ferrari P. Ward	Hartford, CT	The spring and ratchet pawl resemble the corresponding elements in parallel patent 2,138,332, the shifter options are different. Horace L. Rockler - patent attorney
2,138,332	Nov. 29, 1938	Wrench	Carl R. Geisel	Windsor, CT	The spring and ratchet pawl resemble the corresponding elements in patent no. 2,138,331; the shifter is different. Horace L. Rockler - patent attorney
2,168,126	Aug. 01, 1939	Pipe Vise	Henry J. Kane	New Britain, CT	Horace L. Rockler - patent attorney My invention relates to pipe vises. It has for its object to provide an improved pipe vise having improved nut and screw connecting parts which, irrespective of how the "S nut is spun, are so constructed as not to become accidentally detached when the vise is in use. A further object of my invention is to provide an improved pipe vise of the chain type having improved nut and screw connecting means whereby, while obtaining the above advantages, these connecting means may be quickly assembled or connected and also quickly removed whenever desired.
2,235,434	Mar. 18, 1941	Wrench	Marshall N. Kincaid	West Hartford, CT	Reversible "friction ratchet" with a spring to hold the head in selected orientation to the handle. Horace L. Rockler - patent attorney
2,293,786	Aug. 25, 1942	Wrench	Ernest C. Worden	East Norwalk, CT	Horace L. Rockler - patent attorney
2,293,787	Aug. 25, 1942	Torque Wrench	Ernest C. Worden	East Norwalk, CT	Horace L. Rockler - patent attorney
2,313,558	Mar. 09, 1943	Machine Tool	Raymond L. Kuehn	Hartford, CT	Horace L. Rockler - patent attorney
2,315,899	Apr. 06, 1943	Machine Tool	Raymond L. Kuehn	Hartford, CT	Horace L. Rockler - patent attorney
2,322,525	Jun. 22, 1943	Machine Tool	Raymond L. Kuehn	Hartford, CT	Horace L. Rockler - patent attorney
2,326,541	Aug. 10, 1943	Machine Tool	Raymond L. Kuehn	Hartford, CT	Horace L. Rockler - patent attorney This invention relates to machine tools. It has among its objects to provide an improved machine tool of the so-called two-at-a time type described and claimed in the Kelly Patent No, 2,201,182, patented May 21, 1940, whereby it is made possible to extend the use of such machines to those uses, such, for example, as the making of roller bearings, wherein it is important for the pieces to be free from the burrs produced by the breaking off of the same during cutting and before completion of the cutting off operation. A further object of this invention is to provide such an improved machine wherein the pieces during the cutting off operation are grasped at their extremities by work rotating means rotating synchronously with the work spindles, so that these pieces-are severed cleanly from the stock by the cutting off tools, and subsequently withdrawn and ejected, all through improved mechanism cooperating in the desired sequence with the remainder of the mechanism of such a machine. A still further object of this invention is to provide an improved attachment for such machines whereby the same may be adapted to such work and in process of ejection after the cutting off operation and as they approach piece ejecting position.
2,481,153	Sep. 06, 1949	Driving Mechanism for Automatic Bar Stock Machines and the Like	Edmund J. Robichaud	Middletown, CT	Walter C. Ross - patent attorney This invention relates to the provision of an automatic bar stock machine and is directed more particularly to such a machine where a bar or bars of stock are fed forwardly and clamped in a rotating spindle so that an object is formed on the end of the bar and then cut off and this application is a division of an application Ser. No. 610,566 filed August 13,1945. The principal objects of the invention are the provision of novel driving mechanism for an automatic bar stock machine which is characterized by means for operating plural work spindles and tool slides cooperating therewith so that objects may be formed on bars carried by said spindles.
2,534,993	Dec. 19, 1950	Automatic Bar Stock Machine	Edmund J. Robichaud	Middletown, CT	Walter C. Ross - patent attorney This invention relates to the provision of an automatic bar stock machine and is directed more particularly to such a machine where a bar or bars of stock are fed forwardly and clamped in a rotating spindle so that an object is formed on the end of the bar and then cut off. According to certain novel features of the invention, the machine is characterized by its rigidity, efficiency and ease of operation thereby facilitating maximum production. According to other novel features of the invention, the various components are related in such a way that ample room is provided to obviate the difficulties usually encountered with chips. According to another novel feature of the invention, plural work spindles are operated from a common source of power thereby conserving power, floor space and operator convenience as distinguished from single spindle machines. As further features of the invention, the tool carriers are readily accessible and it is possible to form different pieces on the different spindles simultaneously.